Роль бізнес-інкубації у сприянні підприємництву та розвитку МСП
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26661/2522-1566/2021-1/16-07Ключові слова:
бізнес-інкубація, коучинг, управління людським капіталом, знання бізнесу, результативність підприємництва.Анотація
Роль бізнес-інкубації у сприянні підприємництву та розвитку МСП викликала великий інтерес серед політиків протягом останніх років. Навіть серед науковців існує загальний консенсус щодо того, що підприємництво є ключовим для економічного зростання як в країнах, що розвиваються, так і в розвинутих країнах. Це дослідження вивчало роль бізнес-інкубаторів у підприємництві та розвитку МСП в Нігерії. Респонденти цього дослідження є представники з 60 інкубаторів у штаті Ойо та Лагосі, Національному комітеті технологічних бенефіціарів (NBTI). Для визначення обсягу вибірки застосовували формулу Yamane. Обсяг вибірки для цього дослідження склав 60 респондентів (30 інкубаторів у штаті Ойо та 30 інкубаторів у штаті Лагос). У дослідженні використовувались статистичні інструменти, які включають: дисперсійний аналіз (ANOVA) та ефективну кореляцію при тестуванні гіпотез, де це можливо. Відповіді, отримані з анкети, були відсортовані, закодовані, а для аналізу використані статистичні пакети соціальних наук. Це дослідження виявило, що коучинг бізнес-інкубації позитивно впливає на управління людським капіталом щодо ефективності підприємництва, а також виявило, що знання бізнес-інкубації мають позитивне значення на рівні обороту продажів. Це дослідження показало, що 70% усіх стартап-підприємств, які переживають перші три роки діяльності, пройшли через програми інкубації. Дослідження рекомендувало інкубаційним центрам більше наголошувати на своїх коучингових та технічних знаннях, оскільки результат висновків показує, що коучинг та набуття технічних знань вносять 61,3% та 73,6% відповідно до результатів підприємництва з точки зору управління людським капіталом та рівня їхньої продуктивності.
JEL Classification: L26, M53, M1
Посилання
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Barney, J. (1991), “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage”, Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99-120. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108.
Bhabra-Remedios, R. and Cornelius, B. (2003), “Cracks in the egg: Improving performance measures in business incubator research”, 16th Annual Conference of Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand, 28 September - 1 October 2003. Available at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/2875/ (Accessed 11 March 2021).
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Chen, C.-J. (2009), “Technology commercialization, incubator and venture capital, and new venture performance”, Journal of Business Research, 62(1), pp.93-103. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.003.
Chrisman, J. J. and McMullan, W. E. (2004), “Outsider Assistance as a Knowledge Resource for New Venture Survival”, Journal of Small Business Management, 42(3), pp.229-244. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627x.2004.00109.x.
Dahlqvist, J., Davidsson, P. and Wiklund, J. (2000), “Initial Conditions as Predictors of New Venture Performance: A Replication and Extension of the Cooper et al. study”, Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, 1(1), pp.1-17. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/146324400363491.
Hamdani, D. (2006), Conceptualizing and measuring business incubation, Catalogue no. 88F0006XIE, Statistics Canada.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D. and Lee, H. (2000), “Technological learning, knowledge management, firm growth and performance: an introductory essay”, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 17(3-4), pp.231–246. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-4748(00)00024-2.
Hoang, H. and Antoncic, B. (2003), “Network-based research in entrepreneurship. A critical review”, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), pp. 165-187. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(02)00081-2.
INBIA: Global Network of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Builders. Available at: http://www.nbia.org (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Kumar, R., (2010), Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for Beginners (3rd ed.), London : SAGE.
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Lee, C., Lee, K., and Pennings, J. M. (2001), “Internal capabilities, external networks, and performance: a study on technology-based ventures”, Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), pp.615-640. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.181.
Lichtenstein, B. M. B. and Brush, C. G. (2001), “How Do “Resource Bundles” Develop and Change in New Ventures? A Dynamic Model and Longitudinal Exploration”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(3), pp.37-58. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870102500303.
Matuluko, M., (2015), “Nigeria’s Communications Minister to release new ICT Blueprint in January”. Available at: https://techpoint.ng/2015/12/28/nigerias-communications-minister-to-release-new-ict-blueprint-in-january/ (Accessed 11 March 2021).
National Bureau of Statistics (2014), Measuring Better: Presentation of Preliminary Results of the Rebased Nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Estimates for Nigeria 2010 to 2013, Abuja: National Bureau of Statistics. Available at: http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng.
Naudé, W. (2011), “Entrepreneurship and Economic Development: An Introduction”, Entrepreneurship and Economic Development, pp.3-17. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295155_1.
Nwabueze, A.U. and Ozioko, R.E. (2011), “Information and communication technology for sustainable development in Nigeria”, Library Philosophy and Practice, (1), p. 92.
Nwekeaku, C. (2013), “Entrepreneurship education and challenges to Nigerian universities”, Journal of Education and Practice, 4(3), pp.51-56.
Moses, Ch., Ola-David, O., Steven, O., Olumuyiwa, O., Mosunmola, A., Mayowa, A. and Achugamonu, U. (2015), “Entrepreneurship Education and Poverty Alleviation: Impact Analysis of Covenant University Graduate between 2006- 2013”, 2nd Covenant University Conference on African Development Issues (CU-ICADI), 11th - 13th May, 2015, Africa Leadership Development Center, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. Available at: http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/5343/1/Paper%2085.pdf (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Okpara, J.O., Halkias, D., Nwajiuba, C., Harkiolakis, N. and Caracatsanis, S.M., (2011), “Challenges facing women entrepreneurs in Nigeria”, Management Research Review, 34(2), pp.221-235. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01409171111102821.
Omoh, G., (2015), “Youth unemployment in Nigeria up to 50% - Mckinsey & Co”, Vanguard. Available at: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/youth-unemployment-nigeria-50-mckinsey-co/ (Accessed 12 March 2021).
Oshewolo, S. (2010), “Galloping poverty in Nigeria: an appraisal of government interventionist policies”, Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(6), pp.264-274.
Peters, L. S., Rice, M. P. and Sundararajan, M. (2004), “The Role of Incubators in the Entrepreneurial Process”, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 29(1), pp.83-91. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000011182.82350.df.
Rice, M. P. (2002), “Co-production of business assistance in business incubators: an exploratory study”, Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2), pp.163-187. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(00)00055-0.
Rothaermel, F. T. and Thursby, M. (2005), “University–incubator firm knowledge flows: assessing their impact on incubator firm performance”, Research Policy, 34(3), pp.305-320. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2004.11.006.
Smilor, R. W. (1987), “Managing the incubator system: Critical success factors to accelerate new company development”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-34(3), pp.146-155. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tem.1987.6498875.
Studdard, N. L. (2006), “The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm’s knowledge acquisition from a business incubator”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2(2), pp.211-225. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11365-006-8685-z.
Tamasy, C. (2007), “Rethinking Technology-Oriented Business Incubators: Developing a Robust Policy Instrument for Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Regional Development?”, Growth and Change, 38(3), pp.460-473. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.2007.00379.x.
Thorpe, R., Holt, R., Macpherson, A. and Pittaway, L. (2005), “Using knowledge within small and medium-sized firms: A systematic review of the evidence”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), pp.257-281. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00116.x.
Udell, G. G. (1990), “Are business incubators really creating new jobs by creating new business and new products”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 7(2), pp.108-122. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0737-6782(90)90053-h.
Verheugen G. (2007), “SMEs and Entrepreneurship- successful local strategies”, Porto Conference, 7 December, Portugal.
Wiklund, J. and Shepherd, D. (2003), “Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses”, Strategic Management Journal, 24(13), pp.1307-1314. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.360.
Allen, D. N. and Rahman, S. (1985), “Small business incubators: A positive environment for entrepreneurship”, Journal of Small Business Management, 23(3), pp.12-22.
Autio, E., Sapienza, H. J. and Almeida, J. G. (2000), “Effects of age at entry, knowledge intensity, and imitability on international growth”, Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), pp.909-924. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1556419.
Adegbite, O. (2001), “Business incubators and small enterprise development: the Nigerian experience”, Small Business Economics, 17(3), pp.157-166.
Adejimola, A.S. and Olufunmilayo, T.O (2009), “Spinning off an entrepreneurship culture among Nigerian University Students: Prospects and challenges”, African Journal of Business Management, 3(3), p.80.
Agboola, B. M. (2010), “Entrepreneurial Education in Nigeria Tertiary Institutions and Sustainable Development”. Available at: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED512732.pdf (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Albort-Morant, G. and Ribeiro-Soriano, D. (2016), “A bibliometric analysis of international impact of business incubators”, Journal of Business Research, 69(5), pp.1775-1779. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.054.
Al-Mubaraki, H. and Busler, M., (2010), “Business incubators models of the USA and UK: A SWOT analysis”, World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 6(4), pp.335-354. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20425961201000025.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R. and Ray, S. (2003), “A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development”, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), pp.105-123. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(01)00068-4.
Arogundade, B.B (2011), “Entrepreneurship education: an imperative for sustainable development in Nigeria”, Journal of emerging trends in educational research and policy studies (JETERAPS), 2(1), pp.26-29.
Arokiasamy, A. R. (2012), “The Influence of Globalization in Promoting Entrepreneurship in Malaysia”, South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 7(2), pp.149-157. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10033-012-0021-7.
Bakar, R., Islam, M.A. and Lee, J. (2014), “Entrepreneurship Education: Experiences in Selected Countries”, International Education Studies, 8(1). Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n1p88.
Bergek, A. and Norrman, C. (2008), “Incubator best practice: A framework”, Technovation, 28(1-2), pp.20-28. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.07.008.
Bøllingtoft, A. (2012), “The bottom-up business incubator: Leverage to networking and cooperation practices in a self-generated, entrepreneurial-enabled environment”, Technovation, 32(5), pp.304-315. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2011.11.005.
Booth-Jones, L., (2012), Assessing small business training programme effectiveness in an incubator setting and beyond. Masters dissertation, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 1(1), pp.14-29.
Barney, J. (1991), “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage”, Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99-120. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108.
Bhabra-Remedios, R. and Cornelius, B. (2003), “Cracks in the egg: Improving performance measures in business incubator research”, 16th Annual Conference of Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand, 28 September - 1 October 2003. Available at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/2875/ (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Cooper, D. (2006), Business research methods (9th ed.), New Delhi, India : Published by Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited.
Chan, K. F. and Lau, T. (2005), “Assessing technology incubator programs in the science park: the good, the bad and the ugly”, Technovation, 25(10), pp.1215-1228. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.03.010.
Chen, C.-J. (2009), “Technology commercialization, incubator and venture capital, and new venture performance”, Journal of Business Research, 62(1), pp.93-103. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.003.
Chrisman, J. J. and McMullan, W. E. (2004), “Outsider Assistance as a Knowledge Resource for New Venture Survival”, Journal of Small Business Management, 42(3), pp.229-244. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627x.2004.00109.x.
Dahlqvist, J., Davidsson, P. and Wiklund, J. (2000), “Initial Conditions as Predictors of New Venture Performance: A Replication and Extension of the Cooper et al. study”, Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, 1(1), pp.1-17. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/146324400363491.
Hamdani, D. (2006), Conceptualizing and measuring business incubation, Catalogue no. 88F0006XIE, Statistics Canada.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D. and Lee, H. (2000), “Technological learning, knowledge management, firm growth and performance: an introductory essay”, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 17(3-4), pp.231–246. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-4748(00)00024-2.
Hoang, H. and Antoncic, B. (2003), “Network-based research in entrepreneurship. A critical review”, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), pp. 165-187. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(02)00081-2.
INBIA: Global Network of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Builders. Available at: http://www.nbia.org (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Kumar, R., (2010), Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for Beginners (3rd ed.), London : SAGE.
Lalkaka, R., (2003), “Business incubators in developing countries: characteristics and performance”, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 3(1/2), p.31. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijeim.2003.002217.
Lee, C., Lee, K., and Pennings, J. M. (2001), “Internal capabilities, external networks, and performance: a study on technology-based ventures”, Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), pp.615-640. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.181.
Lichtenstein, B. M. B. and Brush, C. G. (2001), “How Do “Resource Bundles” Develop and Change in New Ventures? A Dynamic Model and Longitudinal Exploration”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(3), pp.37-58. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870102500303.
Matuluko, M., (2015), “Nigeria’s Communications Minister to release new ICT Blueprint in January”. Available at: https://techpoint.ng/2015/12/28/nigerias-communications-minister-to-release-new-ict-blueprint-in-january/ (Accessed 11 March 2021).
National Bureau of Statistics (2014), Measuring Better: Presentation of Preliminary Results of the Rebased Nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Estimates for Nigeria 2010 to 2013, Abuja: National Bureau of Statistics. Available at: http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng.
Naudé, W. (2011), “Entrepreneurship and Economic Development: An Introduction”, Entrepreneurship and Economic Development, pp.3-17. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295155_1.
Nwabueze, A.U. and Ozioko, R.E. (2011), “Information and communication technology for sustainable development in Nigeria”, Library Philosophy and Practice, (1), p. 92.
Nwekeaku, C. (2013), “Entrepreneurship education and challenges to Nigerian universities”, Journal of Education and Practice, 4(3), pp.51-56.
Moses, Ch., Ola-David, O., Steven, O., Olumuyiwa, O., Mosunmola, A., Mayowa, A. and Achugamonu, U. (2015), “Entrepreneurship Education and Poverty Alleviation: Impact Analysis of Covenant University Graduate between 2006- 2013”, 2nd Covenant University Conference on African Development Issues (CU-ICADI), 11th - 13th May, 2015, Africa Leadership Development Center, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. Available at: http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/5343/1/Paper%2085.pdf (Accessed 11 March 2021).
Okpara, J.O., Halkias, D., Nwajiuba, C., Harkiolakis, N. and Caracatsanis, S.M., (2011), “Challenges facing women entrepreneurs in Nigeria”, Management Research Review, 34(2), pp.221-235. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01409171111102821.
Omoh, G., (2015), “Youth unemployment in Nigeria up to 50% - Mckinsey & Co”, Vanguard. Available at: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/youth-unemployment-nigeria-50-mckinsey-co/ (Accessed 12 March 2021).
Oshewolo, S. (2010), “Galloping poverty in Nigeria: an appraisal of government interventionist policies”, Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(6), pp.264-274.
Peters, L. S., Rice, M. P. and Sundararajan, M. (2004), “The Role of Incubators in the Entrepreneurial Process”, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 29(1), pp.83-91. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000011182.82350.df.
Rice, M. P. (2002), “Co-production of business assistance in business incubators: an exploratory study”, Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2), pp.163-187. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(00)00055-0.
Rothaermel, F. T. and Thursby, M. (2005), “University–incubator firm knowledge flows: assessing their impact on incubator firm performance”, Research Policy, 34(3), pp.305-320. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2004.11.006.
Smilor, R. W. (1987), “Managing the incubator system: Critical success factors to accelerate new company development”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-34(3), pp.146-155. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tem.1987.6498875.
Studdard, N. L. (2006), “The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm’s knowledge acquisition from a business incubator”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2(2), pp.211-225. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11365-006-8685-z.
Tamasy, C. (2007), “Rethinking Technology-Oriented Business Incubators: Developing a Robust Policy Instrument for Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Regional Development?”, Growth and Change, 38(3), pp.460-473. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.2007.00379.x.
Thorpe, R., Holt, R., Macpherson, A. and Pittaway, L. (2005), “Using knowledge within small and medium-sized firms: A systematic review of the evidence”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), pp.257-281. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00116.x.
Udell, G. G. (1990), “Are business incubators really creating new jobs by creating new business and new products”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 7(2), pp.108-122. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0737-6782(90)90053-h.
Verheugen G. (2007), “SMEs and Entrepreneurship- successful local strategies”, Porto Conference, 7 December, Portugal.
Wiklund, J. and Shepherd, D. (2003), “Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses”, Strategic Management Journal, 24(13), pp.1307-1314. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.360.
Завантаження
Опубліковано
2021-06-20
Номер
Розділ
Підприємництво, торгівля та біржова діяльність
Як цитувати
Akpoviroro, K.S., Oba-Adenuga, O.A. and Akanmu, P.M. (2021) “Роль бізнес-інкубації у сприянні підприємництву та розвитку МСП”, Менеджмент та підприємництво: тренди розвитку, 2(16), pp. 82–100. doi:10.26661/2522-1566/2021-1/16-07.
